Table 1 Patients characteristics
From: THREAT helps to identify epistaxis patients requiring blood transfusions
Blood transfusion Yes, n = 22, 3.7% | Blood transfusion No, n = 569, 96.3% | p | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Variable | Value | Number | % | Number | % | |
Sex | male | 11 | 50 | 320 | 56.2 | 0.7 |
female | 11 | 50 | 249 | 43.8 | ||
Bleeding Localization | anterior | 5 | 22.7 | 402 | 70.7 | <0.01 |
posterior | 17 | 77.3 | 167 | 29.3 | ||
Trauma | Yes | 5 | 22.7 | 30 | 5.3 | <0.01 |
No | 17 | 77.3 | 539 | 94.7 | ||
Platelet antiaggregant medications | Yes | 9 | 40.9 | 207 | 36.4 | 0.7 |
No | 13 | 59.1 | 362 | 63.6 | ||
Oral anticoagulants | Yes | 2 | 9.1 | 114 | 20 | 0.3 |
No | 20 | 90.9 | 455 | 80 | ||
History of hypertension | Yes | 12 | 54.5 | 317 | 55.7 | 1 |
No | 10 | 45.5 | 242 | 42.5 | ||
Known hematologic and vascular disorders | Yes | 6 | 27.3 | 19 | 3.3 | <0.01 |
No | 16 | 72.7 | 550 | 96.7 | ||
Elevated liver enzymes | Yes | 5 | 22.7 | 98 | 17.2 | 0.6 |
No | 17 | 77.3 | 471 | 82.8 | ||
Therapy (>1 modality per patient possible) | electric or chemical cautery | 7 | 31.8 | 483 | 84.9 | <0.01 |
Nasal packing | 14 | 63.6 | 197 | 34.6 | 0.01 | |
Operation | 7 | 31.8 | 31 | 5.5 | <0.01 | |
First bleeding episode at presentation | Yes | 5 | 22.7 | 176 | 30.9 | 0.5 |
No | 17 | 77.3 | 393 | 69.1 | ||
Hospitalisation | Yes | 19 | 86.4 | 80 | 14.1 | <0.01 |
No | 3 | 13.6 | 489 | 85.9 | ||