Table 1 Classification of surgical complications based on the Clavien – Dindo system [13]

1

Any deviation from the normal post-op course without the need for pharmacologic treatment or radiographic, endoscopic or surgical intervention. Allowed interventions include antiemetics, antipyretics, analgesics, diuretics, electrolytes, and physiotherapy. Wound infections dealt with at bedside also included.

2

Requiring pharmogologic treatment with drugs other than such allowed for grade 1 complications. Blood transfusions and total parenteral nutrition included.

3

Requiring surgical, endoscopic or radiographic intervention

4

Life-threatening complications( including central nervous system complications) requiring ICU management

5

Death of a patient