Fig. 2
From: One-and-a-half nostril endoscopic transsphenoidal approach for pituitary adenomas—a technical report
The difference between mononostril, one-and-a-half nostril and binostril approach. a Mononostril: a part of unilateral posterior septal mucosa was need incision and the contralateral mucosa was integral maintained; all surgical instruments manipulation only in a nasal cavitie. b One-and-a-half approach:the unilateral septal mucosa was required incising for a “rescue” nasoseptal flap, and the contralateral mucosa just needed approximately 2 cm incision; c Binostril approach: a part of bilateral posterior septal mucosa was necessarily resected. For one-and-a-half nostril and binostril approach, the assistant surgeon guided the endoscope through the right nostril while the senior surgeon manipulated the instruments through both nostrils