Table 1 Socio-demographic and medical characteristics
Characteristics | Total n = 96 | Control n = 45 | Intervention n = 51 | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean age, years (SD) | 65.4 (10.56) | 65.4 (10.0) | 65.5 (11.1) | 0.97 |
Gender | ||||
 Male | 76 (79%) | 35 (78%) | 41 (80%) | 0.75 |
 Female | 20 (21%) | 10 (22%) | 10 (20%) | |
Smoking | ||||
 No | 24 (25%) | 11 (24%) | 13 (25%) | 0.11 |
 Active | 33 (34%) | 20 (44%) | 13 (25%) | |
 Ceased | 39 (41%) | 14 (31%) | 25 (49%) | |
 Smoking (pack years), median (IQR) | 45 (30, 60) | 47.5 (30, 68) | 42.5 (38, 60) | 0.88 |
Alcohol | ||||
 No | 43 (45%) | 20 (44%) | 23 (45%) | 0.99 |
 Active | 42 (44%) | 20 (44%) | 22 (43%) | |
 Ceased | 11 (11%) | 5 (11%) | 6 (12%) | |
Alcohol (glass/week), median (IQR) | 14 (6,42) | 18 (4,70) | 14 (6,40) | 0.53 |
Body mass index at admission, mean (SD) | 23.29 (3.95) | 23.84 (3.84) | 22.80 (4.03) | 0.21 |
Nutritional Risk Screening 200224 | ||||
Score< 3 | 78 (81%) | 40 (89%) | 38 (75%) | 0.21 |
Score≥ 3 | 18 (19%) | 5 (11%) | 13 (25%) | |
Comorbidities | ||||
 Diabetes mellitus | 10 (10%) | 6 (13%) | 4 (8%) | 0.38 |
 Hepatopancreatic disease | 6 (6%) | 2 (45) | 4 (8%) | 0.49 |
 Cardiovascular disease | 57 (59%) | 25 (56%) | 32 (63%) | 0.47 |
 Pulmonary disease | 16 (17%) | 7 (16%) | 9 (18%) | 0.78 |
 Other diseases | 25 (26%) | 8 (18%) | 17 (33%) | 0.08 |
Immunosuppression (drug induced) | 1 (1%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (2%) | 0.35 |
Type of tumor | ||||
 Persistence/recurrence | 76 (79%) | 34 (76%) | 42 (82%) | 0.41 |
 Second primaries | 20 (21%) | 11 (24%) | 9 (18%) | |
Localization | ||||
 Oral cavity | 30 (31%) | 18 (40%) | 12 (24%) | 0.35 |
 Oropharynx | 20 (21%) | 7 (16%) | 13 (25%) | |
 Hypopharynx | 9 (9%) | 5 (11%) | 4 (8%) | |
 Larynx | 25 (26%) | 11 (24%) | 14 (27%) | |
 Lymph node recurrence | 12 (13%) | 4 (9%) | 8 (16%) | |
UICC-stage of recurrent/persistent tumors and second primaries | ||||
 I | 21 (22%) | 11 (24%) | 10 (20%) | 0.55 |
 II | 25 (26%) | 12 (27%) | 13 (25%) | |
 III | 21 (22%) | 7 (16%) | 14 (27%) | |
 IV | 29 (30%) | 15 (33%) | 14 (27%) | |
Type of surgery | ||||
 Restricted | 44 (46%) | 17 (38%) | 27 (53%) | 0.14 |
 Extensive | 52 (54%) | 28 (62%) | 24 (47%) | |
Flap reconstruction | ||||
 No | 58 (60%) | 30 (67%) | 28 (55%) | 0.24 |
 Yes | 38 (40%) | 15 (33%) | 23 (45%) | |
Tracheostomy | ||||
 Yes | 25 (11%) | 15 (33%) | 10 (20%) | 0.16 |
 No | 71 (89%) | 30 (66%) | 41 (80%) | |
Long-term tracheostomy after surgery > 30 days | ||||
 Yes | 11 (11%) | 7 (16%) | 4 (8%) | 0.33 |
 No | 85 (89%) | 38 (84%) | 47 (92%) | |
Feeding modality before surgery | ||||
 Oral | 79 (82%) | 38 (84%) | 41 (80%) | 0.42 |
 NG tube | 1 (1%) | 1 (2%) | 0 (0%) | |
 PEG tube | 16 (17%) | 6 (13%) | 10 (205) | |
Feeding modality after surgery | ||||
 Oral | 29 (30%) | 12 (27%) | 17 (33%) | 0.28 |
 NG tube | 43 (45%) | 24 (53%) | 19 (37%) | |
 PEG tube | 24 (25%) | 9 (20%) | 15 (29%) | |
Peri−/postoperative antibiotic treatment | ||||
 Yes | 92 (96%) | 43 (96%) | 49 (96%) | 0.90 |
 No | 4 (4%) | 2 (4%) | 2 (4%) | |
Duration (days) of peri−/postoperative antibiotic treatment, median (IQR) | 12 (10, 16.5) | 12 (10, 19) | 13 (11, 15) | 0.82 |
Maximum RT dose to operative field (Gray), median (IQR) | 70 (66,72) | 67 (61, 72) | 72 (66, 72) | 0.09 |
Time RT to surgery (days), median (IQR) | 524 (231,1645) | 874 (311, 1993) | 436 (202, 1276) | 0.05 |