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Table 1 Features of five groups of third/fourth branchial arch anomalies

From: Third or fourth branchial pouch sinus lesions: a case series and management algorithm

 

I

II

III

IV

V

Cases (67 cases) [n (%)]

25 (37.3%)

16 (23.9%)

18 (26.9%)

1 (1.5%)

7 (10.4%)

Demographic

 Female [n (%)]

16 (64.0%)

9 (56.3%)

8 (44.4%)

1 (100.0%)

6 (85.7%)

 Age [median (range)]

9y(1y-47y)

8y(1y-35y)

11.5y(1y-39y)

16y(16y)

21y(7y-42y)

Site of presentation (n [%])

 Left

22 (88.0%)

14 (87.5%)

8 (44.4%)

0 (0.0%)

2 (28.6%)

 Right

0 (0.0%)

1 (6.3%)

7 (38.9%)

1 (100.0%)

5 (71.4%)

 Bilateral

3 (12.0%)

1 (6.3%)

3 (16.7%)

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

Initial presentation (n [%])

 Recurrent low-neck abscess

24 (96.0%)

14 (87.5%)

2 (11.1%)

1 (100%)

1 (14.3%)

 Acute suppurative thyroiditis

16 (64.0%)

4 (25.0%)

0 (0.0%)

0 (0.0%)

0 (0.0%)

 Neck mass

1 (4.0%)

2 (12.5%)

7 (38.9%)

0 (0.0%)

6 (85.7%)

 Cutaneous discharging fistula with neck infection

11 (44.0%)

4 (25.1%)

9 (50.0%)

0 (0.0%)

2 (28.6%)

Diagnostic investigations performed (n [%])

 Iopromide swallow (41 cases)

15 (60.0%)

6 (87.5%)

/

/

/

 Laryngoscopy (41 cases)

21 (84.0%)

10 (62.5%)

/

/

/

 CT scan (51 cases)

22 (88.0%)

14 (87.5%)

8 (44.4%)

1 (100.0%)

4 (57.1%)

 Ultrasound (31 cases)

13 (92.9%)

9 (90.0%)

4 (100.0%)

1 (100.0%)

2 (100.0%)

 MRI (13 cases)

3 (100.0%)

4 (100.0%)

1 (50.0%)

1 (100.0%)

3 (100.0%)

Treatment (n [%])

 Incision and drainage

22 (88.0%)

7 (43.8%)

6 (33.3%)

1 (100.0%)

1 (14.3%)

 Open neck surgery after failure

10 (40.0%)

0 (0.0%)

1 (5.6%)

0 (0.0%)

0 (0.0%)

 None

3 (12.0%)

9 (56.2%)

9 (61.1%)

0 (0.0%)

6 (85.7%)

Operating method (n [%])

 Type I

/

/

18 (100.0%)

1 (100.0%)

7 (100.0%)

 Type II

/

10 (62.5%)

/

/

/

 Type III

16 (64.0%)

5 (31.3%)

/

/

/

 Type IV

9 (36.0%)

1 (6.3%)

/

/

/

Complication (n [%])

 Wound infection

0 (0%)

2 (12.5%)

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

 Esophageal injury

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

 Voice hoarseness

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

 Recurrence (n [%])

0 (0%)

1 (6.25%)

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

  1. Group I: Fistulas; Group II: Inner sinus; Group III:Outer sinus; Group IV:Outer sinus with cysts; Group V:Isolated cysts