Table 8 PET/CT in surveillance of IP malignant transformation summary
Study authors | Year | Study design | Level of evidence | Study groups | Intervention | Outcome | Conclusion |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Jeon et al. [35] | 2009 | Diagnostic study | B | 8 IP patients, 6 of them with IP associated SCC. | SUVs of PET/CT images and CCP of MR images are reviewed and compared. SCC are confirmed by histologic exam. | In PET/CT study, IP with SCC has consistently higher SUVs than IPs without SCC; however this test has low specificity. MRI findings showed wide discrepancy in terms of CCP distribution. Aggressive bone destruction was found in most SCC patients. | PET/CT cannot be used reliably to predict malignancy yet due to limited data. Focal loss of CCP on MR might not be additional sign of malignancy. |
Allegra et al. [38] | 2012 | Diagnostic study | B | 12 cases (7 IP) | 18 FDG - PET/CT of IP patients were analyzed and compared with histological results. | For IP patients the SUVmax value is larger than for non IP patients. | Lesions with a negative or diffuse 18FDG uptake with SUVmax less than 3 should be considered negative for IP. |
Shojaku et al. [85] | 2007 | Observational study | C | 5 IP patients, 2 of them have IP associated SCC | FDG PET was performed on IP patients and SUVmax was analyzed. | High FDG uptake (SUVmax) was observed in all patients, with a higher SUVmax in SCC patients. | The SUVmax of IP can warn the physician of the probability of an associated malignancy. |
Yilmaz et al. [37] | 2015 | Observational study | C | 8 nasal polyps vs 10 IP vs 9 SCC | PET CT of 27 patients were analyzed. | The mean SUVmax was found to be high in the IP group, and highest in the SCC group. | High SUVmax can be used to rule out nasal polyp. The SCC group had a higher SUVmax. |
Zhang et al. [36] | 2015 | Case report | D | 1 IP patient | SIP with co-existent malignancy and cervical metastasis was reviewed. | PET failed to identify the primary malignancy site because there was no SUV increase in SCC. | FDG PET/CT may be not a reliable predictor of malignancy in SIP. |
Kim et al. [86] | 2017 | Case report | D | 1 IP patient | Patient had two operations and 2 sequential PET CT scans. | N/A | The SUV of IP could vary over time in PET CT. PET CT is not an ideal tool to distinguish IP from other inflammatory polyps or cancer. |