Table 11 Summary of included procedures and recommendations

Nasal Endoscopy

Y

Potential

D

Low

Nasal Packing and Treatment of Epistaxis

Y

Potential

C

Moderate

Endoscopic Sinonasal and Anterior Skull Base Surgery

1. Powered instruments: Y

2. Cold non-powered procedures: Y

1. Powered instruments: Y

2. Cold non-powered procedures: N

D

Low

CO2 Laser Ablation

Y

Y

C

Strong

Electrocautery

Y

Y

C

Moderate

Tracheotomy

Y

Y

D

Strong

Endotracheal Suctioning

Y

Y

C

Strong

Oropharyngeal Surgery and Dental Procedures

Y

Y

C

Strong

Mastoid Surgery

Y

Y

D

Moderate

Nasal Nebulizer/Atomizers

Y

N

D

Low