Table 2 Demographic, clinical and hospital characteristics
|
All patients (n = 38,202) |
Non-frailty (n = 37,900) |
Frailty (n = 302) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age group | < 0.0001 | |||
| < 45 |
13,448 (35.20%) |
13,400 (35.36%) |
48 (15.89%) | |
| 45–64 |
16,189 (42.38%) |
16,089 (42.45%) |
100 (33.11%) | |
| 65+ |
8565 (22.42%) |
8411 (22.19%) |
154 (50.99%) | |
| Gender | < 0.0001 | |||
| Female |
27,898 (73.54%) |
27,721 (73.66%) |
177 (58.61%) | |
| Male |
10,036 (26.46%) |
9911 (26.34%) |
125 (41.39%) | |
| Missing | 268 | |||
| Race | < 0.0001 | |||
| White |
23,203 (60.74%) |
23,023 (60.75%) |
180 (59.60%) | |
| Black |
2261 (5.92%) |
2229 (5.88%) |
32 (10.60%) | |
| Hispanic |
3919 (10.26%) |
3878 (10.23%) |
41 (13.58%) | |
| Asian/Pacific Islander |
1920 (5.03%) |
1914 (5.05%) |
6 (1.99%) | |
| Others |
6899 (18.06%) |
6856 (18.09%) |
43 (14.24%) | |
| Household income | < 0.0001 | |||
| 0-25th percentile |
6985 (18.69%) |
6897 (18.61%) |
88 (29.73%) | |
| 26th–50th percentile |
8268 (22.13%) |
8182 (22.07%) |
86 (29.05%) | |
| 51th–75th percentile |
9358 (25.04%) |
9298 (25.08%) |
60 (20.27%) | |
| 76th–100th percentile |
12,754 (34.13%) |
12,692 (34.24%) |
62 (20.95%) | |
| Missing | 837 | |||
| Insurance status/Primary Payer | < 0.0001 | |||
| Medicare/Medicaid |
11,963 (31.35%) |
11,762 (31.07%) |
201 (66.56%) | |
| Non-Medicare |
26,196 (68.65%) |
26,095 (68.93%) |
101 (33.44%) | |
| Missing | 43 | |||
| Admission type | < 0.0001 | |||
| Elective (ref) |
34,307 (90.05%) |
34,106 (90.24%) |
201 (66.78%) | |
| Emergent |
3790 (9.95%) |
3690 (9.76%) |
100 (32.22%) | |
| Procedure type | 0.001 | |||
| Unilateral/partial thyroidectomy |
9270 (24.27%) |
9178 (24.22%) |
92 (30.46%) | |
| Total (complete) thyroidectomy |
27,715 (72.55%) |
27,522 (72.62%) |
193 (63.91%) | |
| Substernal |
1217 (3.19%) |
1200 (3.17%) |
17 (5.63%) | |
| Required cervical LN dissection | < 0.0001 | |||
| No (ref) |
29,102 (76.18%) |
28,918 (76.30%) |
184 (60.93%) | |
| Yes |
9100 (23.82%) |
8982 (23.70%) |
118 (39.07%) | |
| Metastasis to the lungs | < 0.0001 | |||
| No (ref) |
37,417 (97.95%) |
37,171 (98.08%) |
246 (81.46%) | |
| Yes |
785 (2.05%) |
729 (1.92%) |
56 (18.54%) | |
| Metastasis to the bone | < 0.0001 | |||
| No (ref) |
37,984 (99.43%) |
37,700 (99.47%) |
284 (94.04%) | |
| Yes |
218 (0.57%) |
200 (0.53%) |
18 (5.96%) | |
| Smoking | 0.133 | |||
| None (ref) |
32,391 (84.79%) |
32,134 (84.79%) |
257 (85.10%) | |
| Former |
3193 (8.36%) |
3175 (8.38%) |
18 (5.96%) | |
| Current |
2618 (8.94%) |
2591 (6.84%) |
27 (8.94%) | |
| Overweight and obesity | 0.198 | |||
| No (ref) |
34,484 (90.27%) |
34,218 (90.28%) |
266 (88.08%) | |
| Yes |
3718 (9.73%) |
3682 (9.72%) |
36 (11.92%) | |
| CCI | – | |||
| 0–1 (ref) |
33,916 (88.78%) |
33,722 (88.98%) |
194 (64.24%) | |
| 2 |
2927 (7.66%) |
2864 (7.56%) |
63 (20.86%) | |
| 3+ |
1359 (3.56%) |
1314 (3.47%) |
45 (14.90%) | |
| Hospital characteristics | ||||
| Hospital bed size | 0.348 | |||
| Small (ref) |
4245 (11.16%) |
4220 (11.18%) |
25 (8.50%) | |
| Medium |
7228 (19.00%) |
7170 (19.00%) |
7228 (19.00%) | |
| Large |
26,566 (69.84%) |
26,355 (69.82%) |
211 (71.77%) | |
| Missing | 163 | |||
| Location/teaching status | 0.326 | |||
| Rural |
1940 (5.10%) |
1926 (5.10%) |
14 (4.76%) | |
| Urban nonteaching |
11,264 (29.61%) |
11,188 (29.64%) |
76 (25.85%) | |
| Urban teaching |
24,835 (65.29%) |
24,631 (65.26%) |
204 (69.39%) | |
| Missing | 163 | |||
| Hospital region | < 0.0001 | |||
| Northeast (ref) |
12,236 (32.03%) |
12,184 (32.15%) |
52 (17.22%) | |
| Midwest |
6444 (16.87%) |
6378 (16.83%) |
66 (21.85%) | |
| South |
9563 (23.03%) |
9456 (24.95%) |
107 (35.43%) | |
| West |
9959 (26.07%) |
9882 (26.07%) |
77 (25.50%) | |
| Hospital volume (surgeries/year) | < 0.0001 | |||
| Low (< 8) |
12,042 (31.52%) |
11,901 (31.40%) |
141 (46.69%) | |
| Intermediate (8–44) |
17,107 (44.78%) |
16,983 (44.81%) |
124 (41.06%) | |
| High (> 44) |
9053 (23.70%) |
9016 (23.79%) |
37 (12.25%) |