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Zemke, et al. (2019) [13]
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The presence of increased nasal congestion, and facial pain; increased sinonasal discharge; usually presence of an unscheduled sick visit.
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Orlandi, RR, et al. (2018) [8]
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AE in CRS is defined in a patient in whom a previous diagnosis of CRS exists, and a sudden worsening of symptoms occurs, with a return to baseline symptoms following treatment.
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Divekar, et al. (2015) [14]
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A natural exacerbation was defined as patient-reported worsening of sinonasal symptoms (i.e. runny nose, nasal congestion, and nasal obstruction).
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Fokkens, et al. (2012) [7]
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A history of sudden worsening of preexisting symptoms suggests an acute exacerbation of chronic rhinosinusitis, which should be diagnosed by similar criteria and treated in a similar way to ARS.
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Kuiper, et al. (2018) [15]
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Self-reported medication use (antibiotics and oral corticosteroids) for worsened nasal and sinus symptoms; self-reported worsened purulence in the past 4 weeks.
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Rank, et al. (2010) [16]
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Systemic antibiotics; systemic corticosteroid; plans for a semi-urgent surgical intervention; emergency department or urgent care visit, or a hospitalization for CRS.
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Reh, et al. (2009) [17]
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Worse nasal symptoms
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