|
Rank, et al. (2010) [9]
|
Retrospective cohort study
|
CRS exacerbation
|
Systemic antibiotics, systemic corticosteroid, plans for a semi-urgent surgical intervention, emergency department or urgent care visit, or a hospitalization for CRS.
|
Winter months
|
Twice as likely to present for a CRS exacerbation in winter months compared with spring, summer, or fall.
|
4
|
|
Banoub, et al. (2018) [11]
|
Prospective
|
Asthmatic CRS
|
Sinus infections, CRS-related antibiotics use, CRS-related oral corticosteroids use.
|
Lower ACT scores (Poor asthma control).
|
AE are negatively associated with the level of asthma control in asthmatic CRS patients, independent of CRS symptom severity.
|
4
|
|
Kuiper, et al. (2018) [15]
|
Prospective
|
Acute exacerbations of NSS in patients with CRS
|
1.Self-reported medication use (antibiotics and oral corticosteroids) for worsened NSS; 2. duration (≥ 1 week) of worsened aggregate NSS; 3. duration (≥ 1 week) of worsened aggregate NSS and self-reported worsened purulence in the past 4 weeks.
|
Current long-term CRS status, high body mass index, asthma, hay fever, sinus surgery history, and winter season.
|
CRS status (current long-term, current recent, past, never), body mass index, asthma, hay fever, sinus surgery history, and winter season consistently predicted acute exacerbations of NSS.
|
4
|
|
Ikeda, et al. (2011) [21]
|
Prospective
|
CRSwNP with asthma undergoing ESS
|
Acute exacerbation of CRS defined by the presence of purulent sinonasal secretions in conjunction with sinus-related symptoms.
|
Bacterial infection
|
Positive culture was obtained in 10 out of 11 patients.
|
4
|
|
Kwah, et al. (2020) [22]
|
Retrospective cohort study
|
frequent exacerbations of CRS
|
worsening sinus symptoms and CRS-related antibiotics usage
|
Asthma, allergic rhinitis, eosinophil count ≥150/μL, and autoimmune disease
|
Frequent AECRS was characterized by a higher prevalence of asthma, allergic rhinitis, eosinophil count ≥150/μL, autoimmune disease.
|
4
|
|
Phillips, et al. (2018) [23]
|
Prospective
|
CRS exacerbation
|
CRS-related antibiotics usage, sinus infections.
|
High SNOT-22 scores.
|
SNOT-22 score is associated with the number of antibiotics which were highly correlated with the number of reported sinus infections.
|
4
|
