Table 4 Immunologic characteristics of acute exacerbations in CRSwNP
Author/year | Study groups | Immunologic characteristics | Level of evidence |
|---|---|---|---|
Divekar, et al. (2015) [14] | CRSwNP (n = 9) | Significant increase of nasal IL-5、IL-6 and eosinophil major basic protein. Significant increase of serum VEGF and GM-CSF. | 4 |
Rank, et al. (2013) [16] | CRSwNP (n = 10) | Significant increase of nasal IL-6, MBP, MPO, EDN and uric acid. | 4 |
Mueller, et al. (2019) [24] | CRSwNP (n = 5) | Significant higher level of CST2 and periostin. | 4 |
Ninomiya et al. (2018) [25] | ECRSwNP (n = 6) | Significant higher level of serum periostin. | 4 |
Xu, et al. (2017) [26] | ECRSwNP (n = 30) | Significant higher level of serum periostin. | 2c |
Kato, et al. (2018) [27] | ECRSwNP (n = 51) | Significant higher level of CST1. | 2c |
Yan, et al. (2019) [28] | ECRSwNP (n = 192) | Significant higher level of serum periostin. | 2c |