Table 2 Article specific noise data

Cho et al. [20]

Three B&K 2270, four LD 831c machines. A B&K Dirac System (type 7841) with a B&K 4130 microphone and a B&K 4292 omni-directional source was used for room acoustic measurement.

N/A

62. 5

N/A

49.2

Hodge and Thompson [23]

Two sound level meters (B&K 2209) and an inch remote microphone (B&K 4149 1/2′)

Centrally over operating field and level with surgeon’s ear (so that recorded sound levels were similar those heard by the surgeon)

108

13

48.3

Lee et al. [30]

Quest 2700 sound level meter

Noise produced by drilling instrument at the site of the operating ear was measured at each person’s position.

83

N/A

76.8

Man and Winerman [31]

B&K 2203 sound level meter equipped with a 1″ microphone

Sound level measurements and spectral analysis were made 0.57 cm from the burr and at the same distance from the contralateral ear during surgery

83

50

65.1

Prasad and Reddy [18]

SLM 3/IS ACOS Class I sound level meter calibrated to BS 1259

Recordings made at the level of the ear of the operating surgeon

72.4

N/A

66.7

Verhaert et al. [37]

Noise dosimeter: CR 110A doseBadge (Cirrus Research plc), Stationary sound level: NOR140 Sound Analyzer

Attached to shoulder of surgeon and surgeon assistant

109

57.7

68.1

Wang et al. [38]

Personal noise dosimeters (Aihua, Model AWA5610B)

The instrument was placed within 2 m of the anesthesia machine at a height of 1.5 m from the floor

65.8

N/A

63.3

Holmquist et al. [24]

N/A

Tape recorded drill-generated noise was delivered through an earphone fitted to the patient’s intact ear.

125.5

N/A

116.7

Kracht et al. [26]

Larson Davis System 824 sound level meter.

Instrument was placed on top of the fire extinguisher box in a corner of the theater.

115

N/A

65 dBA

Tay et al^.3

CEMDT-8852 digital sound level meter (DigitalMeters.com, Heatmiser UK Ltd., Blackburn, UK).

Tool placed 1 m from the head of the patient.

117.4

N/A

58 dBA

Vaisbuch et al. [36]

3 M Edge EG-5 Series and 3 M NoisePro DLX personal noise dosimeters. 3 M SoundPro sound level meters used to collect general noise levels in the room

Fixed to participants (i.e. two residents, two instructors in the temporal bone lab, as well as to surgeon and scrub technician in the OR) with the microphone at ear level.

94.4

N/A

70.6

Dalchow et al. [21]

Sound level meter and special near field microphones (GH-183, McCrypt, USA)

Silent chamber in a temporal bone laboratory

76

0

65.8

Kramer et al^.34

Hydrophone (ER 7c; Etymotic Research)

Hydrophone inserted into superior semicircular canal for sound pressure analyses

123.5

N/A

N/A

Michaelides et al. [32]

Quest 155 Sound Level Meter

1 cm from the device contact area of a prepared human cadaveric temporal bone

104.1

N/A

86.9

Yin et al. [39]

ER7C probe microphone system (Etymotic Research Inc.)

The open end of the instrument was held 0.5 cm from the bone–drill interface. During drilling of a cochleostomy open end of the silicone tube was placed so that it almost touched the round window.

130

N/A

118.8

Hilmi et al. [22]

Kamplex Audio Traveller AA220 pure tone audio-meter

Device attached to temporal bone, mastoid tip in temporal bone laboratory

105.8

N/A

104

Parkin et al. [33]

A-type 2203 sound level meter (Bruel and Kjaer) connected to a type 1613 octave filter (Bruel and Kjaer), and a type 4134 microphone and probe (Bruel and Kjaer)

Temporal bone laboratory - attached to temporal bone

107.5

N/A

80.5

Pau et al. [34]

Etymotic ER7c, Elk Grove Village, IL

Temporal bone laboratory, attached to level of round window

107.2

N/A

115.1

Kylen and Arlinger [28]

A miniature accelerometer (Briiel & Kjaer 8303, weight 3.5 g) was used as a vibration pick-up. The signal from the accelerometer was amplified (Bruel & Kjaer 2603) and fed to one channel of a tape recorder (Revox A 77, 19 cm/sec, 2-track) other channel of the tape-recorder was fed by the 1 kHz-signal from the static for

Temporal bone laboratory, attached to temporal bone

100

N/A

95 dB

Kylen et al. [29]

The signal from the accelerometer was amplified (Bruel & Kjaer 2603) and fed to a tape recorder (Revox A77). The tape recordings were analysed off-line using an octave band filter (Bruel & Kjaer 1612), connected to the amplifier (Bruel & Kjaer 2603) and level recorder (Bruel & Kjaer 2305)

Temporal bone laboratory, attached to temporal bone

96.5

N/A

N/A

Jiang et al. [25]

Sound was delivered through an ER-2 earphone (Etymotic Research, Elk Grove Village, IL) coupled to the ER1-14A ear tips (Etymotic Research), which was inserted into the ear canal.

Isolated cadaveric lab

110.4

N/A

104.2

Stromberg et al. [35]

Noise levels were recorded with an ER7C prove microphone system attached to one end of a silicone tube ER/714C

Noise recordings were obtained at the round window in a cadaver model

123.3

N/A

109.7