Clinical Characteristic | 3 m + Persistent Opioid Use | 12 m + Persistent Opioid Use | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Odds Ratio [95% CI] | p-value | Odds Ratio [95% CI] | p-value | |
Univariate Probes | ||||
Gender (Ref: Female) | 1.59 [0.84–3.02] | 0.152 | 1.15 [0.64–2.08] | 0.6 |
Age (years) (centered at mean) | 1.01 [0.99–1.04] | 0.153 | 1.01 [0.99–1.04] | 0.168 |
≥ 65 | 1.04 [0.59–1.85] | 0.9 | 1.04 [0.60–1.81] | 0.9 |
55–64 | 1.34 [0.72–2.50] | 0.4 | 1.44 [0.79–2.61] | 0.2 |
40–54 | 1.31 [0.65–2.65] | 0.5 | 1.04 [0.54–2.02] | 0.9 |
< 40 | 0.25 [0.09–0.69] | 0.007 | 0.29 [0.10–0.84] | 0.022 |
Pre-operative opioid use | 4.31 [2.24–8.32] | < 0.0001 | 4.00 [2.19–7.29] | < 0.0001 |
Social Habits | ||||
Prior Tobacco | 2.52 [1.34–4.76] | 0.004 | 1.87 [1.01–3.48] | 0.048 |
Prior Alcohol | 1.24 [0.61–2.51] | 0.6 | 1.13 [0.57–2.24] | 0.7 |
Advanced pathologic T-stage (T3/4) | 2.27 [1.24–4.15] | 0.008 | 1.21 [0.70–2.12] | 0.5 |
Primary Tumour Location (ref: Oral Cavity) | ||||
Salivary Gland | 1.60 [0.42–6.14] | 0.5 | 1.64 [0.48–5.68] | 0.4 |
Paranasal Sinus | 2.66 [0.56–12.57] | 0.2 | 2.47 [0.64–9.44] | 0.187 |
Other | 0.38 [0.16–0.91] | 0.03 | 0.49 [0.20–1.19] | 0.1 |
Free Flap (Ref: Soft Tissue) | ||||
Bone | 1.29 [0.61–2.74] | 0.5 | 1.15 [0.57–2.36] | 0.7 |
Soft Tissue + Bone | 0.77 [0.25–2.32] | 0.6 | 0.45 [0.14–1.40] | 0.167 |
Treatment (ref: Sx Alone) | ||||
Sx + Adjuvant | 2.52 [1.42–4.48] | 0.002 | 1.30 [0.75–2.24] | 0.4 |
Multivariate Model | ||||
Gender (Ref: Female) | 2.15 [0.92–5.01] | 0.08 | – | – |
Age (years) (centered at mean) | 0.99 [0.96–1.03] | 0.7 | 1.00 [0.97–1.03] | 0.8 |
< 40 | 0.25 [0.04–1.35] | 0.1 | 0.37 [0.08–1.76] | 0.2 |
Pre-operative opioid use | 4.02 [1.85–8.72] | < 0.0001 | 2.34 [1.15–4.74] | < 0.0001 |
Social Habits | ||||
Prior Tobacco | 2.80 [1.23–6.38] | 0.014 | 2.34 [1.15–4.74] | 0.019 |
Advanced pathologic T-stage (T3/4) | 1.70 [0.79–3.69] | 0.2 | – | – |
Primary Tumour Location (ref: Oral Cavity) | ||||
Salivary Gland | 0.63 [0.14–2.95] | 0.6 | 1.09 [0.28–4.35] | 0.9 |
Paranasal Sinus | 1.91 [0.27–13.42] | 0.5 | 1.99 [0.42–9.36] | 0.4 |
Other | 0.37 [0.12–1.15] | 0.09 | 0.44 [0.15–1.28] | 0.1 |
Free Flap (Ref: Soft Tissue) | ||||
Bone | – | – | 1.25 [0.56–2.80] | 0.6 |
Soft Tissue + Bone | – | – | 0.33 [0.09–1.19] | 0.09 |
Treatment (ref: Sx Alone) | ||||
Sx + Adjuvant | 2.23 [1.03–4.82] | 0.042 | – | – |