ACPA speech variable | Pre-op (SD) | Post-op (SD) | p value |
---|---|---|---|
Pharyngeal flap | |||
Hypernasality | 4.32 (1.02) | 1.40 (0.70) |  < .0001 |
Hyponasality | 1.21 (0.47) | 1.08 (0.28) |  < 0.005 |
Audible nasal emmisions | 4.13 (1.14) | 1.45 (0.68) |  < .0001 |
Velopharyngeal function | 2.98 (0.20) | 1.25 (0.52) |  < .0001 |
Articulation proficiency | 2.72 (1.43) | 1.82 (1.05) |  < .0001 |
Overall intelligibility | 3.28 (1.16) | 1.75 (0.99) |  < .0001 |
Voice quality | 1.20 (0.68) | 1.13 (0.52) | NS |
Furlow palatoplasty | |||
Hypernasality | 4.15 (1.11) | 2.01 (1.20) |  < .0001 |
Hyponasality | 1.17 (0.48) | 1.08 (0.28) |  < 0.01 |
Audible nasal emmisions | 4.06 (1.23) | 2.13 (1.33) |  < .0001 |
Velopharyngeal function | 2.92 (0.28) | 1.71 (0.86) |  < .0001 |
Articulation proficiency | 3.10 (1.64) | 2.13 (1.42) |  < .0001 |
Overall intelligibility | 3.35 (1.46) | 2.19 (1.33) |  < .0001 |
Voice quality | 1.22 (0.61) | 1.15 (0.57) | NS |
Sphincter pharyngoplasty | |||
Hypernasality | 5.11 (1.05) | 2.67 (1.58) |  < .0001 |
Hyponasality | 1.11 (0.33) | 1.11 (0.33) | NS |
Audible nasal emmisions | 4.56 (1.24) | 2.22 (1.20) |  < .0001 |
Velopharyngeal function | 2.89 (0.33) | 1.89 (0.93) |  < .0001 |
Articulation proficiency | 3.33 (1.80) | 2.11 (0.78) |  < .0001 |
Overall intelligibility | 3.78 (1.72) | 2.11 (0.93) |  < .0001 |
Voice quality | 1.33 (0.50) | 1.33 (0.50) | NS |