Table 8 Defect location
From: Free versus pedicled flaps for reconstruction of head and neck cancer defects: a systematic review
Articles | Defect / tumor location | FF | PF | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Goyal, 2017 | Cutaneous/lateral skull base | 60 (10.2%) | 56 (26.9%) | < 0.001 |
Oral cavity | 154 (26.2%) | 32 (15.4%) | ||
Oropharynx | 42 (7.1%) | 4 (1.9%) | ||
Laryngectomy/pharyngectomy | 109 (18.5%) | 58 (27.9%) | ||
Mandibular | 96 (16.3%) | 9 (4.3%) | ||
Sinonasal | 49 (8.3%) | 9 (4.3%) | ||
Composite/multiple sites | 79 (13.4%) | 40 (19.2%) | Â | |
Kozin, 2016 | Cutaneous defect | 6 (21.4%) | 15 (33.3%) | 0.367 |
Parotid/temporal bone | 9 (32.1%) | 16 (35.6%) | Â | |
Total auriculectomy | 4 (44%) | 8 (50%) | 0.071 | |
Howard, 2016 | 4 (67%) | |||
Lateral TBR | 7 (78%) | 14 (88%) | 0.740 | |
5 (83%) | ||||
Subtotal TBR | 2 (22%) | 2 (13%) | 0.309 | |
1 (17%) | ||||
Facial nerve sacrifice | 6 (67%) | 6 (38%) | 0.016 | |
3 (50%) | ||||
Li, 2016a | Tongue | 18(75.00%) | 12(70.59%) | ND |
Zhang S, 2015 | Tongue | 7 (46.7%)b | 7 (58.3%) b | 0.70 |
Tongue and FOM | 8 (53.3%)b | 5 (41.7) b | ||
Zhang X, 2014a | Tongue | 43 (65.2%) | 23 (34.8%) | 0.331 |
FOM | 21 (80.8%) | 5 (19.2%) | ||
Gum | 9 (90%) | 1 (10%) | ||
Buccal | 4 (66.7%) | 2 (33.3%) | ||
Palate | 2 (100%) | 0 (0) | ||
Jing, 2014 | Total laryngectomy | 22 (100%) b | 27 (100%) b | ND |
Deganello, 2013 | Oral cavity | 9 (56.25%) b | 11 (55%)b | ND |
Oropharynx | 7 (43.75%)b | 9 (45.0%)b | ||
Fang, 2013 | Buccal defects | 20 | 24 | ND |
12 | ||||
Hsing, 2011a | Tongue | 35 (28.9%) | 86 (71.1%) | < 0.001 |
FOM | 7 (53.8%) | 6 (46.2%) | ||
Lip | 17 (94.4%) | 1 (5.6%) | ||
Gum | 15 (34.9%) | 28 (65.1%) | ||
Buccal | 101 (36.9%) | 173 (63.1%) | ||
Palate | 7 (58.1%) | 5 (41.7%) | ||
Retromolar trigone | 4 (40%) | 6 (60%) | ||
Paydarfar, 2011 | Tongue | 14 (42.4%)b | 12 (44.4%)b | 0.90 |
Tongue and FOM | 10 (30.3%) b | 9 (33.3%) b | ND | |
FOM | 9 (27.3%)b | 6 (22.2%)b | 0.90 | |
Chan, 2011 | Hypopharynx | 24 (100%) b | 92 (100%) b | ND |
86 (100%) b | ||||
Mallet, 2009 | Oral tongue (OT) | 16 (64%) | 20 (44%) | 0.17 |
Base of tongue | 2 (8%) | 11 (24%) | ||
de Bree, 2007a | Lateral tongue | 8 (20%) | 8 (20%) | ND |
FOM | 10 (25%) | 10 (25%) | ||
Base of tongue | 3 (8%) | 3 (8%) | ||
Chien, 2005 | Buccal mucosal | 11 (100%) | 16 (100%) | ND |
Chepeha, 2004 | Oral cavity | 38 (54%) | 52 (48%) | NS |
Oropharynx | 16 (23%) | 45 (42%) | ||
Hypopharynx | 10 (14%) | 11 (10%) | ||
Neck | 2 (3%) | 2 (2%) | ||
Other | 6 (10%) | 10 (9%) | ||
Petruzzelli, 2002 | Upper aerodigestive tract + tracheotomy | 24 (100%) | 15 (100%) | ND |
Amarante, 2000 | Orbital | – | 6 (8.8%)b | ND |
Parotid | – | 3 (4.4%) b | ||
Middle 1/3 skull base | 11 (22.4%)b | – | ||
Oropharynx | – | 4 (5.9%)b | ||
Pharyngo-laringeal | – | 34 (50%)b | ||
Pharynx cer. Esoph. | 3 (6.1%)b | – | ||
Mandibular | – | 3 (4.4%)b | ||
Cervical | – | 1 (1.5%)b | ||
Brachial plexus | 1 (2.0%)b | – | ||
Tsue, 1997a | Tongue | 1 (20%) | 1 (80%) | ND |
FOM | 1 (20%) | 4 (80%) | ||
Lateral and posterior oropharynx | 1 (25%) | 3 (75%) | ||
Base of tongue | 15 (76%) | 4 (24%) | ||
Retromolar trigone or Alveolus | 10 (71%) | 4 (28%) | ||
Tonsil | 3 (27%) | 8 (73%) |