Table 1 Presenting signs and symptoms of choanal atresia
Symptom | Category | Unilateral CA No. (%) | Bilateral CA No. (%) | Total No. (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Rhinorrhea | Yes | 92 (92.0) | 36 (65.5) | 128 (82.6) |
No | 8 (8.0) | 19 (34.5) | 27 (17.4) | |
If yes, predominant side | Right | 55/92 (59.9) | 2/36 (5.6) | 57/128 (44.5) |
Left | 27/92 (29.3) | 1/36 (2.8) | 28/128 (21.9) | |
Both | 5/92 (5.4) | 30/36 (83.3) | 35/128 (27.3) | |
Unknown | 5/92 (5.4) | 3/36 (8.3) | 8/128 (6.3) | |
Feeding difficulties | Yes | 21 (24.7) | 45 (68.2) | 66 (43.7) |
No | 64 (75.3) | 21 (31.8) | 85 (56.3) | |
Respiratory Distress | Yes | 16 (18.0) | 80 (96.4) | 96 (55.8) |
No | 73 (82.0) | 3 (3.6) | 76 (44.2) | |
If yes, intubation required | Yes | 5/16 (31.2) | 60/80 (75.0) | 65/96 (67.7) |
No | 7/16 (43.8) | 14/80 (17.5) | 21/96 (21.9) | |
Unknown | 4/16 (25.0) | 6/80 (7.5) | 10/96 (10.4) | |
Unable to pass suction catheter | Yes | 35 (77.8) | 52 (91.2) | 87 (85.3) |
No | 10 (22.2) | 5 (8.8) | 15 (14.7) | |
If yes, side | Right | 21/35 (60.0) | 1/52 (1.9) | 22/87 (25.3) |
Left | 12/35 (34.3) | 0/52 (0) | 12/87 (13.8) | |
Both | 2/35 (5.7) | 49/52 (94.2) | 51/87 (58.6) | |
Unknown | 0/35 (0) | 2/52 (3.9) | 2/87 (2.3) | |
CT Scan Identifying CA | Yes | 90 (79.6) | 63 (85.1) | 153 (81.8) |
No | 23 (20.4) | 11 (14.9) | 34 (18.2) |